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  • 2007 Volume 9 Issue 3
    Published: 25 June 2007
      
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  • ARTICLES
    The Conceptual Design of Decision Support System of Selecting Locus for Military Projects
    LIU Feng, LIU Xiaojing
    2007, 9(3): 5-9.
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    This paper mainly introduces the methods of the conceptual design of Decision Support System of Selecting Locus for Military Projects. According to the frame of the system. It respectively discusses the idea of design, the process of decision, data acquision, model establishment and significance and difficulties in the realization of the system. It takes locus selection for military harbor as an example to illustrate the importance of the location problem. The academic methods were mainly introduced as the references to relevant researchers on the construction of military projects and operational environment.
  • ARTICLES
    The Design of Sichuan Mining Area Environment Appraisal Information System and Its Application
    HE Yong, GU Jirong, WANG Mian, JIANG Liuguangyan
    2007, 9(3): 10-16.
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    In mineral exploitation, the factors such as waste products and geologic disasters have generated great effect on mine environment. The traditional appraisal methods can not meet the demand for mining environmental protection, we thus use the GIS technology to collect spatial geographic information which includes the geographic data and mine environment data, the geologic disaster data and geologic special data. The core mining area spatial geographic information main framework was constructed and the B/S and C/S system was created for the realization of effective data storeage, management and transmission of every mining area in Sichuan. The research achievement can provide decision support for the synthetic evaluation of the mining area sustainable development.
  • ARTICLES
    Application of Geo-informatics to the Study of Schistosomiasis Habitat
    ZHAO An, SUN Jiulin, YOU Songcai
    2007, 9(3): 17-20.
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    Transmission of schistosomiasis has direct or indirect relation with geographic environment, constituting a cut-in of application of geo-informatics to this field. This paper firstly reviewed the existent problems in the study of schistosomiasis habitat, gave a geo-multi-analysis on the schistosomiasis transmission mechanism, studied out the prerequisite conditions and general procedures for the application of geo-informatics to the schistosomiasis research. The environmental features of the schistosomiasis habitat and the principles of application of geo-informatics to it were then included, from which several apocalyptic insights were gained, suggested that the uncertainty in the process of monitoring schistosomiasis habitat is extremely complicated. So it is necessary to introduce current advanced remote sensing technique (like artificial intelligence, expert system, knowledge-driven classification, etc.) to improve the monitoring accuracy. The key factors in the schistosomiasis transmission are positive snail and cercaria density in infecting water, hence use should be made of correlation analysis and spatial modeling assisted by GIS thematic data and field survey data to conduct spatial simulation of the schistosomiasis-susceptible areas.
  • ARTICLES
    The Index System for Land Use Evaluation in National Development Zones
    YANG Wenbai, CHEN Xiuwan
    2007, 9(3): 21-24,51.
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    The use of an index system is an important approach for land use monitoring and evaluation. In order to meet the requirement of land use evaluation in the national development zones, a new index system was proposed, which consists of three perspectives: land use degree, structure and efficiency. Based on the index system, a comprehensive evaluation model was built by using standard deviation coefficient to determine the weights of the evaluation indices. The index system and the evaluation model were tested in the land use evaluation for 10 national economic and technological development zones, and a quantitative score was drawn for comprehensive evaluation in each zone. The results show that the approach is effective and exercisable.
  • ARTICLES
    Line Object Pick-up Based on Improved Grid Thinning Algorithm
    ZHANG Xin, CHEN Guoxiong, ZHONG Ershun
    2007, 9(3): 25-27.
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    Grid thinning algorithm is a popular algorithm in grid-vectorization. This paper not only improved this algorithm but also implemented semi-automatic tracking grid-vectorization and central line pick-up using this algorithm. Both of the two methods need the interaction with computer, and can vectorize the grid data on the fly and on demand. Furthermore, this grid-vectorization method has many advantages, such as low requirement of the gird data color and quality, high quality conversion results, high efficiency, practicality, no strict with the hardware such as memory, easier integration with GIS software, etc.
  • ARTICLES
    Studies on the Application Pattern of Wireless Communication Technology Based on GSM in the Fields of Alert GIS
    QU Xiaohui, ZHUANG Dafang
    2007, 9(3): 28-33.
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    This paper discussed the application pattern of wireless communication technology based on GSM to the fields of alert GIS. This application pattern includes data collecting and data receiving, the former is usually completed at some sites for data collecting, which are distributed discretely in the monitored areas. Each site is equipped with professional sensor, GSM terminal, software system and other auxiliary system for data collecting. Data receiving is always completed on the monitor server which is related to the collecting sites with “one to many ” relation. The data collected at each site will be coded following a specific format and sent to the monitor server through the net of GSM in a manner of short message. When the monitor server receives this kind of short messages, it will decode them following a previously stated protocol and pick up all sorts of needed information, for example, the name of the monitoring station, the spatial coordinate, the detected data and other information, and then the system of alert GIS will analyze these information synthetically and provide some measures to solve the emergencies. In addition, this article has also analyzed some key common technologies and criteria used in this application pattern, such as the rule to code short message, the AT commands to communicate with GSM terminal, the serial communication technology, the multi-thread and synchronization technology, the coding and decoding of the detected data, etc. Finally, it abstracted the commonness of this application pattern, and predicted and prospected the development trend of the application pattern.
  • ARTICLES
    Design for Geoscience Computing Oriented Resources and Environmental Science Data Sharing Platform
    AN Jiwen, ZHUANG Dafang, YUAN Wen
    2007, 9(3): 34-39.
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    Now, in the field of Resources and Environmental Science in China, problems (just like less-sharing, large-redundancy, and miscellaneous-criteria) exist in using resources like data, computing, service and so on. Strong technical supports from the rapidly developing information technology drive the development of GIS (Geographical Information System), the foundation of the info-technology in the field. This paper, taking Resources and Environmental Science Data Sharing Platform of CAS as an example, systematically introduces the design for geoscience computing oriented resources and environmental science data sharing platform and its key techniques--metadata criterion/meta-database technique, XML/GML technique and net-meeting/multimedia technique.
  • ARTICLES
    Study on Spatial Data Cache Technology Based on Oracle Spatial
    ZHOU Qin, LI Shaojun, SONG Guanfu, ZENG Zhiming
    2007, 9(3): 40-44.
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    Oracle Spatial is the extended module of Oracle dealing with spatial objects. The advantage of the extended spatial database model is that it makes the integrative storage of attribute data and spatial data come true, independent of the connection of the two kinds of data. And the open storage format for spatial data provides a new way to access spatial data sharable and reuserable in GIS. But the disadvantage is that the indirect operation of spatial data reduces the efficiency greatly, which becomes the choke point for the GIS application system, especially when the application is massive data oriented. In order to improve data accessing efficiency in spatial database based on extended model, we introduce data cache technology, which has made great contribution to relational database’s data accessing capability, into extended spatial database model. This article focuses on the application of client-side caching model in extended spatial database and strikes out the sticking points in the process of caching spatial data in client-side, including choices of spatial data to be cached, consistency maintenance of cache data, spatial data coding technology which is available for the users to limit the cache files’ size in client side, and the basic structure of the cache file. After that, we present some experimental record based on Oracle Spatial. In the conclusion of the article, we point out the main disadvantage of the technology and the continuous work.
  • ARTICLES
    Interpolation of Scattered Data Using the Method of HASM
    SONG Dunjiang, YUE Tianxiang, GONG Yun, DU Zhengping
    2007, 9(3): 45-51.
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    Based on the method of HASM (High Accuracy Surface Modelling), this paper developed an algorithm for interpolation of spatially scattered data. A case study is given at a coal mine which is near the Dafo Temple, Binxian county, Xianyang city of Shaanxi province, which compared and analyzed the spatial interpolation results from the method of HASM with those from other conventional interpolation methods. Statistical cross-validation is used to compare interpolation results from different methods. Comparisons show that the method of HASM has a better accuracy. This paper also analyzed many statistical results of other conventional interpolation methods and some conclusions are drawn which are useful for researchers employing conventional GIS spatial interpolation methods.
  • ARTICLES
    Reducing Redundancy Conversion of 3D Mapping Data for Sharing and Distribution
    LI Yongqiang, SHENG Yehua, JIANG Shui, HONG Ming
    2007, 9(3): 52-56.
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    This paper provides a kind of method to share, convert and distribute 3D mapping data, which includes data collection, pre-process, pre-modeling, file format conversion, reprocessing and distribution. The pre-process is an important step of the whole process. The duplicate points, non-length edges, and non-area faces are deleted to reduce the redundant data in order to let later work easier to do and make the data suitable for 3D showing. The distribution and sharing for 3D mapping data should use the general engineer format, on the basis of the auto-collection using software to do further edition will finish a high quality and high effective digit production. So at last the data are distributed in 5 data file formats by the sharing data structure.
  • ARTICLES
    Stratum Segmentation with Tetrahedrons and Its Data Organization
    LU Mingyue, SHENG Yehua, WEN Yongning, ZHANG Guiying
    2007, 9(3): 57-61.
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    In this paper, discontinuous stratum is partitioned into tetrahedrons for better representation and analysis of its inner structure. In the process, topological relationships of the spatial primitive data objects, such as nodes, edges, faces and voxels, are carefully designed and decomposed topologically at different levels. An object-oriented object manager is proposed to manage these spatial data. Considering the object manager, appropriate data structure and efficient indexing are adopted to organize the spatial objects so as to accelerate the process of confirming the uniqueness of any topological object in the storage list. With the object manager, both the generation of different levels of topological objects and the spatial inquiry efficiency are greatly improved. A case study proved that this method is efficient in real stratum segmentation.
  • ARTICLES
    Comparisons and Selections of the Different Wireless Internet Access Modes for the Geographic Information Mobile Service
    YE Lei, LIN Hui
    2007, 9(3): 62-71.
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    The evolution and the different study interests of Mobile GIS, Location Based Service and Geographic Information Mobile Service were introduced. Based on the comparison of the three main wireless internet access methods in mobile communication, WAP, i-mode and J2ME, the choices of wireless access implementation methods were proposed. WAP is the best way for future public Mobile Geographic Information Service and J2ME is more suitable for offering the personal assistant spatial-info service, like LBS for car-owners. The future research should be more focus on the key technologies about the new integration frameworks, cooperation and interoperation, nature language expression and more efficient geo-computation, in order to offering more powerful 4A public Mobile Geographic Information Service.
  • ARTICLES
    Sensitivity of SWAT Model to Detailed Soil Information
    LI Runkui, ZHU A-Xing, Peter C. Augello, James E. Burt
    2007, 9(3): 72-78,90.
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    As an important component of input data, soil information directly impacts the accuracy of the simulation of hydrologic model. Sensitivity of SWAT model to detailed soil information was investigated through comparison of the simulated stream flow produced by using SSURGO and SoLIM as different soil input data. A case study was conducted in Brewery Creek, a 19.5km2 area catchment in Dane County, Wisconsin. The simulation results before and after model calibration both indicate that there is only slight difference between the simulated streamflow. This study reveals the weak sensitivity of SWAT model to detailed soil information in the hydrological modeling of a small watershed. The main reason for lack of insignificant difference is that soil information was highly aggregated in the model and that the use of Curve Number as means for representing soil variability in the model also muted the impact of detailed spatial information.
  • ARTICLES
    Developing a Spatial Decision Support Model for High Quality Prime Farmland Planning
    JIANG Zhixin, LI Manchun, MAO Liang, LIU Yongxue
    2007, 9(3): 79-84.
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    A spatial decision support model is built to facilitate and optimize agricultural planning for high quality prime farmlands. These high quality cultivable lands are critical for food supply in China. In recent years, these lands have experienced a rapid decline due to the demand of socio-economic development. In order to protect these lands, an effective and reasonable agricultural plan is necessary to balance between the security of food supply and the demand of economic growth. A spatial decision support model is used to assist this planning process. The planning process is divided into three segments: ① assessment of the quality of present lands, ②identification of planning scenarios for the best use of farmlands, ③final design for farmland planning. The first segment is completed using methods of group analytical hierarchy process and spatial overlay analysis. For the second segment, several planning scenarios are generated using an integer programming model based on the assessment of land quality. The third segment is completed using non-deterministic decision methods to evaluate each scenario and determine the optimum design. The final plan is evaluated by comparing land use practices with the models, which are proved to be successful and effective in land use planning and decision support in recent decades.
  • ARTICLES
    An Agent-based Collaboration Model of Geocollaboration
    QI Mingyao LI Huiguo, HE Jianban, CHI Tianhe, LI Jiaqi
    2007, 9(3): 85-90.
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    Geocollaboration is a kind of group work that people take part in together to solve some geographical problems under a certain environment, such as map, virtual reality environment and so on. This article briefly reviews the state of the art of geocollaboration and its collaboration model, then it presents an agent-based collaboration model. Different from other collaboration models’ decomposing methods (such as the decomposing granularity of Activity Model is activities, and that of Role Model is roles, etc.), this collaboration model’s decomposing granularity is computing units, such as geographic models, user avatars, coordination controllers, message transport services, and so on, all these units can be encapsulated by agents. At the end of this paper it assesses the usability of the model, it is proved that agent-based collaboration model can exert the virtues of agent, such as autonomous, reactive, collaborative features as well as its high expansibility.
  • ARTICLES
    Research of Object-oriented Spatio-temporal Data Model Based on MDA and Event-driven
    LI Yong, TAN Jianjun, CHEN Shaopei, SUN Qinqin
    2007, 9(3): 91-95,127.
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    Object-oriented spatial data model better describes geographic phenomena. Due to lack of complete object-oriented database management system presently, it’s essential to study further object-oriented data-model construction under RDBMS and Object-relation GIS. Based on theories of Model Driven Architecture, this paper studies the approach and technology methods of constructing spatio-temporal data model by event-driven, which bases on RDBMS and Object-relation GIS. Firstly, a theoretical model of constructing object-oriented data model is built. Secondly, the definition and arrangement method of events and objects with the application of urban public traffic is studied. Thirdly, the object-oriented dynamic behavior model, temporal behavior model and software mode are constructed, and the executable ability of the models are validated. This paper gives a new approach in inter-perform among different frameworks and systems by applying Model Driven Architecture and event-driven method to build an object-oriented spatio-temporal model.
  • ARTICLES
    A Review of the Research and Application of Domestic Watershed Runoff Yield and Runoff Models
    LIU Zhaocun, JIN Sheng, HAN Lihua
    2007, 9(3): 96-103.
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    The research and application of runoff yield and runoff in small watersheds in China are reviewed, compared and analyzed. Theoretical basis to construct the models of runoff yield and runoff is explored. Runoff unit hand method corresponding to physical characters and water flow mechanism is studied. New theory, methods and current trends produced by runoff yield and runoff in small watersheds in combination with remote sensing to apply to practical engineering are introduced. Finally, the above problems are systematically analyzed by using system theory, control theory and inverse problem.
  • ARTICLES
    Setting Parameters and Choosing Optimum Semivariogram Models of Ordinaty Kriging Interpolation ——A case study of spatial interpolation to January average temperature of Fujian province
    WU Xuewen, YAN Luming
    2007, 9(3): 104-108.
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    This article discusses about the thereunder of choosing the optimum semivariogram models and setting the key parameters based on ARCGIS and GS+software from characteristics and laws of data through understanding the ordinary Kriging interpolation theory, and carries through an in-depth exploratory spatial data analysis taking the spatial interpolation to January average temperature of Fujian province as an example, using the obtained parameters and semivariogram models to simulate the spatial distribution of January average temperature of Fujian province. The aticle offers a clear way for reasonable spatial interpolation.
  • ARTICLES
    Research on Application and Semantic Query Algorithm of Remote Sensing Images
    ZHANG Chenggang, BI Jiantao, CHI Tianhe
    2007, 9(3): 109-115.
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    This article mainly analyzed the pros and cons of remote sensing database and several information retrieval ways that can achieve remote sensing data in a simple, convenient, fast search algorithm to meet the needs of users. Based on the existing image database engine prototype system which has, the author designs a kind of method for retrieval inquiry remote sensing image interior ground feature. This method takes the vector essential factor spatial information and the attribute information as the guidance, the fast accurate localization thing is at the image tile, which provides a feasible method for the remote sensing image effective management and the application.
  • ARTICLES
    RS-Detection Methods for LUCC and Related Application Analysis
    ZHU Yunhai, ZHANG Baiping, CAO Yinxuan, ZHANG Yunsheng
    2007, 9(3): 116-122.
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    With the fast development of economic construction, LUCC are changing with each passing day in China, and how to acquire changing information has become one of the key technologies in LUCC research. Taking SPOT-Pan image and TM image as a case study, this paper discussed the methods of automatic detection for LUCC, and spectrum feature changing method, pseudo-color composition method etc. were analyzed and compared systemically. It is proved that the LUCC information can be detected efficiently and accurately by using the above methods and which are superior to the traditional comparing detection method by visual interpretation.
  • ARTICLES
    Application of 4D Data in the Monitoring and Evaluation of Eco-environment
    JIANG Lili, QI Qingwen, ZOU Xiuping
    2007, 9(3): 123-127,2,135.
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    After discussing the basic information characteristics of DLG, DRG, DEM and DOM, this paper gives an in-depth analysis of the function of 4D data in the monitoring and evaluation of eco-environment, including rapid dynamic monitoring of eco-environment, three dimensional displaying of eco-landscape, ecological simulation based on the integration of DLM and DCM, as well as multiple spatial and temporal dimension analysis and evaluation, etc. Then, taking Yunnan province as an example, this paper studied the technical workflow of 4D data integration and joint analysis on eco-environment monitoring and evaluation. As a result, a series of thematic maps on Yunnan eco-environment were produced, showing the advantage of 4D data in this field.
  • ARTICLES
    Studies on Application of Self-organizing Artificial Neural Network in Remote Sensing Classification Recognition of Land Cover
    Turangul Hamut, ZHANG Xiaofan
    2007, 9(3): 128-131.
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    Remote sensing technology has already been an important means of LUCC(Land Use & Land Cover). When the traditional methods are used in the land cover classification recognition, the large amount of operation is needed and the accuracy is not perfect. This paper mainly discusses the method of self-organizing neural network that has been very effectively applied to the remote sensing classification processing of land cover and presents its classification algorithm implemented by MATLAB developing flat. Finally, its accuracy of classification recognition is compared to the Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC). The result shows that the classification accuracy of self-organizing network method is obviously higher than that of the traditional MLC method, so it is an effective land cover classification method in remote sensing field.
  • ARTICLES
    Monitoring Desertification by Remote Sensing in China
    WANG Liwen, WEI Yaxing, NIU Zheng
    2007, 9(3): 132-134.
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    In this paper, after image enhancement, composite, geometric rectification, mosaic, and subset based on 1∶100 000 topographic maps, TM data covered whole China was used under ARC/INFO software run in WINDOWS on the microcomputer, by digitally interpretation with individual menu, finally added up desert, sandy land and desertified land area in different provinces of China in 2000. Land cover type adopted three levels of classification system, the first level was classified into six classes: cultivated land, forest land, grassland, water body, construction land and non-used land. TM data interpretation results showed desert, sandy land and desertified land area separately were 9 361 263 hm2, 58 570 586 hm2, 18 917 225 hm2, and 12 340 694 hm2 in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province and Gansu Province in 2000. Facing the fact that regional ecological environment has been improved, but on the whole the desertified land area is increasing every year in China, so quick and correct report of land desertified area to government by remote sensing technology has great significance to help making decisions.