Journal of Geo-information Science

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Research on Land Cover Patterns and Dynamics in Developed Rural Areas Using Community Ecology Methods

CHENG Dongya, ZHANG Xiaolin, LI Hongbo, CHEN Xinwei

Journal of Geo-information Science, 2024, 26(5): 1315-1334. DOI: 10.12082/dqxxkx.2024.230644

方法	生态学中内涵	本文使用的思路	公式	变量说明	公式编号
等级-多度	一般是指相对多度与多度等级的联系，体现了群落等级位序和均匀性特点^[21-22]	土地覆被等级-多度曲线呈现快速下降曲线，说明单一土地覆被类型作为主导，土地覆被均匀性低。土地覆被等级-多度曲线相对平缓，则说明土地覆被均匀程度高，其主导类型相对不明显
丰富度	丰富度是指一定范围或区域内物种种类的多少^[21-22]	土地覆被存在类型差异，必然具有不同土地覆被丰富度。土地覆被丰富度越高，则表示土地覆被类别越齐全，反之则表示土地覆被类别稀少
优势度	生态学中优势度可以理解为物种在群落中的优势地位^{[21⇓⇓-24]}	某个土地覆被类型优势度越高，则说明其对整体影响较大，其计算公式参考文献[23]—[24]得出。根据生态学中优势种、亚优势种、伴生种、偶见种的特点^[25-26]，不同土地利用类型地位和作用的分类如表2。需要说明的是，如果某个范围内存在2个及以上土地覆被类型优势度相等且最大，此时称为其他类	$Y S D i = A C S i A C × 100 %$	YSD_i表示特定范围内i个土地覆被类型的优势度；ACS_i表示i个土地覆被类型所占据的面积；AC表示所有土地覆被类型占据的面积总和	（1）^[23-24]
香农-维纳指数	生态学中香农-维纳指数和辛普森指数可以反映生物群落综合多样性，指数越大则说明群落内物种多样性越高^[21-22]	土地覆被多样性用等级-多度、丰富度、优势度观测相对直观，但缺少综合性表征结构变化。Shannon多样性指数和Simpson多样性可以反映土地覆被的综合多样性水平，多样性指数越大则说明土地覆被多样性越高。香农-维纳指数公式参考文献[21]—[22]得出	$X S h a n n o n = - ∑ i = 1 s P i l n P i$	X_Shannon表示香农-维纳指数；P_i代表第i个土地覆被类型所占据的比例； s表示土地覆被类型数量	（2）^[21-22]
辛普森指数	生态学中香农-维纳指数和辛普森指数可以反映生物群落综合多样性，指数越大则说明群落内物种多样性越高^[21-22]

Tab. 1 Application of community ecology methods in land cover research

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Fig. 1 Boundary or range differences and differences in land cover types
Tab.2 Classification criteria of dominant type, subdominant type and auxiliary type, etc. among land cover types
Fig. 2 Overview of rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province
Fig. 3 Change trend of different land cover area in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020
Tab.3 Change of land cover area at different stages in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020 (km²)
Fig. 4 Spatial distribution of land cover types in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020
Fig. 5 Percentage of annual and stage changes of land cover in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020
Tab.4 Dynamics of different land cover types in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020
Fig. 6 Rank-abundance of land cover in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020
Tab. 5 Change trend of dominance and classification of different land cover types in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020
Tab.6 Shannon-Wiener index of land cover in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020
Fig. 7 Annual spatial distribution, spatial autocorrelation and stage change of land cover richness in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020 (1 km×1 km)
Fig.8 Annual spatial distribution, spatial autocorrelation and stage change of maximum dominance of land cover in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020 (1 km×1 km)
Fig.9 Spatial distribution of dominant species of land cover in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Pronvine during 2000-2020 (1 km×1 km)
Fig.10 Annual spatial distribution, spatial autocorrelation and stage change of the Shannon-Wiener index of land cover in rural areas of Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province during 2000-2020 (1 km×1 km)
Tab.7 A summary of the role of community ecology methods in land cover and land use research

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